![]() The Neonatal Encephalopathy and Neurologic Outcome report defines a 5-minute Apgar score of 7 to 10 as reassuring, a score of 4 to 6 as moderately abnormal, and a score of 0 to 3 as low in the term infant and late-preterm infant. 3 The Apgar score provides an accepted and convenient method for reporting the status of the newborn infant immediately after birth and the response to resuscitation if it is needed however, it has been inappropriately used to predict individual adverse neurologic outcome. ![]() The score is reported at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth for all infants, and at 5-minute intervals thereafter until 20 minutes for infants with a score less than 7. Thus, the Apgar score quantitates clinical signs of neonatal depression, such as cyanosis or pallor, bradycardia, depressed reflex response to stimulation, hypotonia, and apnea or gasping respirations. Each of these components is given a score of 0, 1, or 2. The Apgar score comprises 5 components: (1) color (2) heart rate (3) reflexes (4) muscle tone and (5) respiration. 2 This scoring system provided a standardized assessment for infants after delivery. 1 Dr Apgar subsequently published a second report that included a larger number of patients. In 1952, Dr Virginia Apgar devised a scoring system that was a rapid method of assessing the clinical status of the newborn infant at 1 minute of age and the need for prompt intervention to establish breathing.
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